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items/2023-01-28_long_getting-started-with-gnu-screen.md
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[Screen](https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/) is a terminal multiplexer and has a wide feature set. It allows you to split your terminal window into multiple windows (split screen feature), detach sessions to let commands run in the background, connect to a device via serial interface, and many more.
Screen sessions keep running even if you disconnect, which is especially great for unreliable connections. There are more advanced use cases, but we will focus on the basics.
# Basics <a href="#basics" id="basics">#</a>
# Basics
You can have multiple **sessions** within the screen and each session can contain multiple **windows**. When you use the split screen function, each panel would be a window called **region** in screen.
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ You can have multiple **sessions** within the screen and each session can contai
└───── window 1: name b
```
#### Escape combination (Prefix) <a href="#prefix" id="prefix">#</a>
#### Escape combination (Prefix)
In this blog post, I'll call the **escape combination** 'prefix', but there are multiple names for it: meta key, leading key, escape combination, and some others.
@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ The prefix tells the terminal that the following command or shortcut will be use
A list of all default key bindings can be found in the [official documentaion](https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/manual/html_node/Default-Key-Bindings.html).
## Configuration files <a href="#configuration" id="configuration">#</a>
## Configuration files
Screen won't create the startup configuration file by default but will look for these two files if it gets started.
@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ startup_message off
Simply add these lines to your configuration file, and the copyright message won't appear again.
## Logging <a href="#logging" id="logging">#</a>
## Logging
Before we start with the sessions and windows, it might be beneficial to talk about logging. For most troubleshooting sessions, it is required to save the logs. I am going to show you some ways to do it.
@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ Logging is disabled by default.
You can start a logged screen session with `-L` flag + `-Logfile /path/to/logfile.txt`. If you are already in a session, you can activate it with `Prefix` + `SHIFT` + `h`. The output file will be called `screenlog.n`, where 'n' is the number of the current window.
## Working with sessions <a href="#sessions" id="sessions">#</a>
## Working with sessions
Show all sessions:
: `screen -ls`
@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ Rename session in terminal:
: `screen -S OLDSESSIONNAME -X sessionname NEWSESSIONNAME`
: `Prefix` + `:sessionname NEW-NAME` *# screen command to change the current session name*
## Working with Windows <a href="#windows" id="windows">#</a>
## Working with Windows
Show list of all windows of current session:
: `Prefix` + `SHIFT` + `w`
@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ Kill the current window:
: `exit`
: `Prefix` + `k`
## Working with Regions / Split screen <a href="#split-screen" id="split-screen">#</a>
## Working with Regions / Split screen
Screen has the feature to show multiple windows in a split screen. Every window would then be a so called 'Region' in screen.
@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Fit the regions to a resized terminal window:
You could create layouts, and save and reuse them later. This topic is out of the scope of this post and I am going to write about it later. You can get a reference and further information in the [official documentaion](https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/manual/screen.html#Layout).
## Screen commands <a href="#commands" id="commands">#</a>
## Screen commands
It can be used to try out configurations and screen-specific commands.
@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ It can be used to try out configurations and screen-specific commands.
I am not too familiar with screen commands, so I won't go into detail. A list of all commands can be found in the [official documentaion](https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/manual/screen.html#Command-Summary).
# Check if you are still in a screen session <a href="#active-session" id="active-session">#</a>
# Check if you are still in a screen session
Screen sets an environment variable `STY`. If the output is empty, you are not in a screen session.